The Questions We Ask

The questions we ask determine the answers we get.

The importance of questions seems pretty straightforward, but this week I've been working with teachers at the New York Hall of Science to help them come up with the best questions to ask their students to start design projects.  (We call the "prompts" or "frames.")

It's hard to come up with good design activity questions, but here are some tips I've gathered from working on the "Design Lab" project at the NY Hall for the past two years that are helpful when I'm thinking about framing exhibit experiences as well:


• Keep it short.  It's harder for visitors or students to respond when they're trying to hack their way through a tangled forest of words.


• Real world is really good.   If your framing questions have a real-life context, your visitors or students will become more easily engaged in the design problem or challenge.

• Start at the finish.  How will both you and users know whether they've been successful?  Having clear criteria helps students or visitors determine how they want to go after a design challenge.

•  Frame problems for divergent solutions.  Really juicy design or exhibit prompts offer end-users the opportunity to come up with many different types of good solutions instead of one right answer.


• Layer content, don't dump it.  There is a tendency for some teachers and exhibit developers (especially when dealing with science or technology related prompts) to "dump" all the content on the user right at the beginning of a design activity. 

A well-crafted design problem "layers" in opportunities for students or exhibit users to discover or seek out content information to help complete their problem solving.



I'm moving on to a new set of exhibit projects, but working with the entire Design Lab crew at the Hall of Science these past few years has really helped me think more deeply about how to work with visitors to create even more engaging and open-ended exhibit experiences.  I look forward to seeing what comes out of the Design Lab project in the future!


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ReWind: Grocery Store Exhibits?

I've spent this week in beautiful Knoxville conducting community input groups for The MUSE, an emerging museum here.  Even though we weren't soliciting specific exhibit ideas at this stage, people couldn't help share their excitement for exhibit areas they had seen at other museums around the country.

Inevitably (perhaps) when the discussion turned to young children, and children's museums, the old exhibit warhorse of the kid-sized grocery store reared its head.  So I thought now would be a good time to re-post the reasons why I dislike grocery store exhibits so, in a screed entitled:
 

"NOT Another Grocery Store Exhibit!"

At the end of a recent conference presentation, I threw a chunk or rhetorical "red meat" to the crowd by saying that I'd be quite happy if I never saw another kid-sized grocery store exhibit in a children's museum ever again. Given the raised eyebrows and open-mouthed stares from many in the audience I thought I'd share the top five reasons why I dislike grocery store exhibits:

1) Grocery store exhibits are the anthithesis of "green design."
Dumping a truckload (literally!) of fake plastic produce and grocery items onto shelves and into bins sets a tremendously bad example for sustainable exhibit design practice.

2) Grocery store exhibits are unfair to museum floor staff and volunteers.
These galleries might more accurately be called "entropy exhibits" since the main activity for young visitors seems to be to madly rush about pulling every facsimile grocery store item off the shelves, shoving them into the miniature shopping carts or onto the phony checkout conveyor and then leaving. The poor floor staff and volunteers assigned to this area then, Sisyphus-like,
engage in resorting the mess left behind again and again as new visitors enter the mini store.

3) Grocery store exhibits are just creatively lazy.
When I visit a museum with one of these areas, I instinctively think, "well, they must have run out of good exhibit ideas." Despite all the high-minded rationalizations --- "the kids are learning about food groups" or "our grocery store shows visitors where milk and tomatoes actually come from..." I say if that was really what you wanted to get visitors thinking about, there are only about a dozen more entertaining and interesting ways to address those particular topics in an exhibition format than riding the tired mini grocery store warhorse once again. (Although if food groups or farm to store topics were high on your exhibit"wish list" to begin with, I'm not sure I'd want to visit with my kids in the first place.)

4) Grocery store exhibits send at least as many unintended messages as intended messages.
I'd really rather not send the message that it's alright to tear up an exhibit area and make a mess and then leave it to other people to clean up, or that shopping for food is some sort of wacky leisure activity instead of a necessity. If we really thought carefully about the ideas that kids are leaving grocery store exhibits with instead of blithely, and automatically, assuming that frenetic activity in an exhibition area equals "fun" or "learning" we might try out some different ideas.

5) Grocery store exhibits are the worst sort of craven fundraising ploys.
One of the most common reasons I hear directors defend their choice of a kid-sized grocery store exhibit is "We can easily get a sponsor for this." Believe me, after 27 years in the museum business, I understand the need to fundraise, but are you trying to create unique, amazing exhibit spaces, or just sell chunks of museum real estate?

Unfortunately most museum "sacred cows" come from just the sort of "well this is the way we've always done things" or "I've heard it works amazingly well at Museum X" sort of thinking.

What do you think? Do you have some of your own favorite museum "sacred cows" you'd like to throw on the fire? Let us know in the "Comments" section below.

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Exhibit Design Inspiration: Mining The Dollar Store

I find a special pleasure in putting things (especially inexpensive or unexpected things!) to creative use for projects.  (There's a good reason I edited the three ASTC Exhibit Cheapbooks ...)  I love going through "mom and pop" hardware stores, or Home Depot, or the Dollar Store, or even Staples, to find interesting materials for current or future exhibit projects.  Online cruising for materials (like the McMaster-Carr catalog) is great, but it's a different experience than being able to actually pick up stuff and give it a good look in the "real" (non-digital ) world.

This is Exhibit Design 101 as far as I'm concerned.  It's much better to have a good sense of materials and suppliers ahead of time, before trying to find specific parts or widgets for a project in a last-minute panic.

So imagine my delight in finding the videos and blog from the XRobot folks from the UK.  Here are enthusiastic makers who are dedicated to making awesome things (like the "Terminator" endoskull pictured at the top of this post) with material from the Dollar Store (or as James from XRobots says "The Pound Shop" or "The 99p Shop.")

So why not do two things to nurture your inner "thrifty designer" today? 

1) Check out the XRobots site, and

2) Visit your local Dollar Store or hardware store and see what cool stuff you can turn up.

Let us know what you find, or share your own favorite "creative design on the cheap" tips, in the Comments" Section below.


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PO-MOtion Interactive Software and a CONTEST!

I'm a bit of a skeptic in terms of how technology is applied (or more often mis-applied!) in museum exhibitions, as most people who read this blog know.

But occasionally I come across a clever person or company who makes me appreciate more of the possibilities inherent in applying technology in a thoughtful way to museum environments.   So I'm happy to introduce you to just such a person ---  Meghan Athavale, the CEO of PO-MO, a company based in Winnipeg.

Meghan was kind enough to tell me a little about her company's PO-MOtion software which lets even non-tech whizzes create low cost, easy to use interactive floor and/or wall projection environments.  (You can see the software in action by watching the video at the top of this post or by clicking here.)

Better yet, Meghan let this tech skeptic "test drive" the software for myself.  I can say from experience that the software is simple to set up, straightforward to use, and FUN!  The software works with Macs or PCs, and there is even an IR version that interfaces with the X-Box Kinect sensor.  (I was even able to make the PO-MOtion software work with my 5 year old laptop!) 

Two things that set PO-Motion apart from similar projection environments you might have seen are: the low-entry point, price-wise, for creating a complete hardware/software set-up, and the ease of using your own internal staff to put either "prepackaged" scenes, or your own custom scenes, into action.

Now, here's where the CONTEST comes in!

Meghan and PO-MO are offering one grand prize winner a custom designed scene (valued up to $1,000.00!)  Not only can you create a cool tech space in your exhibit halls, but you'll get to create something with Meghan and the PO-MO crew that is unique to your museum.


Anyone can enter in three easy steps:

1) Download the free 30-day trial software and two demo scenes from the PO-MOtion website.

2) Publish a public video of yourself using PO-MOtion on YouTube. The video must have the words PO-MOtion Interactive Floor and Wall Software in the title.

3) Email the YouTube video link to: info@po-motion.com with the subject line I Love PO-MOtion.


Legalistic boilerplate: 

• The contest is open until July 31st, 2012

• The video with the most views by July 31st, 2012 will win a custom designed scene, valued up to $1,000.00

• The contest is open to museums anywhere in the world. Verification will be required prior to issuing any prize.

• The grand prize winner will be announced August 5th, 2012. 


So what are you waiting for?  You've got a month to strut your stuff and have a chance to win a cool prize for your museum!


Thanks again to Meghan and PO-MO for offering this opportunity to ExhibiTricks readers.


Don't miss out on any ExhibiTricks posts! It's easy to get updates via email or your favorite news reader. Just click the "Sign up for Free ExhibiTricks Blog Updates" link on the upper right side of the blog.

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The Night Circus and The Fusion Museum

Last week I woke up in the middle of the night in a hotel room with "The Night Circus" and ideas of a "Fusion Museum" whizzing around my head.

Fusion is a great concept --- the idea of taking a number of different things and combining them into one entity.  It's no surprise then that "fusion" can meaningfully turn up whether you're talking about music, art, cooking, or science.  And notions of "fusion" and Erin Morgenstern’s brilliant novel "The Night Circus" might actually both point toward new ways of thinking about what museums can do, and how.

(A slight diversion first to say a few words about The Night Circus:  it is a novel that sucks you in from the start; the structure of interconnected stories and narrative pathways echo the structure of the titular circus itself.   And what a circus it is!  I kept thinking: "this would make a great exhibit" or "it would be cool to create an environment that lets visitors do this."

Obviously, The Night Circus is a novel, not a museum how-to manual, but museum folks will find much to enjoy, and think about here.)


There have been interlocking ideas in the zeitgeist of how passive audiences --- in theater, in museums, in consumer culture --- can become more active participants.  These ideas have been bubbling up and taking hold in museums, especially the elements of Maker culture and immersive theater.  I'm not talking about only event or program driven museums here, but rather places that are combining exhibits, programs, and environments in new and artful ways.

The City Museum seems like a good example of one possible type of fusion museum to me --- it crosses between art, science, and history in its content and it allows visitors to move through a wide variety of spaces and experiences at their own pace.  Turn a corner guided by the smell of toast and you might find yourself in an exhibition about toasters.  (With a volunteer at the back offering to make you a piece of toast using a vintage toaster.)

Several museums have partnered with the folks behind MAKE magazine and the Maker Faires to create experiences for their audiences to actively explore ideas, tools, and materials.  In addition to Maker Faires (and mini-Maker Faires) which pop up and pitch their tents (like the Circus!) and then move on to the next venue, museums have been looking for ways to develop permanent exhibition spaces that move beyond the traditional make-and-take areas using recycled materials.

Notable examples of spaces that give visitors the space (both intellectually and architecturally) to play with ideas and materials include The Tinkering Studio at the Exploratorium and MAKESHOP at the Children's Museum of Pittsburgh.  These spaces are not driven solely by content (although content is clearly there) but rather by process.

If you're thinking of the possibilities of fusing participatory workshops and programs with exhibition spaces a Maker-oriented space should definitely be on your agenda.  A word of caution however, fusion spaces and experiences require a certain amount of "care and feeding."  If your organization doesn't yet have the internal capacity to maintain and evolve the things you set into motion, they will eventually stagnate, if not outright fail.

If you go to any museum conference or gathering of museum professionals, you will inevitably here the term "immersive environment" come up.  But like most buzzwords, the real question is "Yes, but what does that actually mean in practice?"  I would contend that if you are looking for a fusion of interesting objects, evocative environments, and passionate theatrical storylines and techniques, that you would be well served to consider the work of the UK group Punchdrunk.  (Interestingly, Erin Morgenstern recognizes Punchdrunk in the acknowledgments to The Night Circus ...)

In their own words:  "Punchdrunk has pioneered a game changing form of immersive theatre in which roaming audiences experience epic storytelling inside sensory theatrical worlds. Blending classic texts, physical performance, award-winning design installation and unexpected sites, the company's infectious format rejects the passive obedience usually expected of audiences.

Lines between space, performer and spectator are constantly shifting. Audiences are invited to rediscover the childlike excitement and anticipation of exploring the unknown and experience a real sense of adventure. Free to encounter the installed environment in an individual imaginative journey, the choice of what to watch and where to go is theirs alone."

Punchdrunk currently has a show in New York called "Sleep No More" which uses Shakespeare's Macbeth as its starting point.  Participants (not merely audience members) move through an old hotel and explore spaces or interact with actors in a non-linear way.  Put simply, Punchdrunk's work will leave you discombobulated, but in a good way.  More importantly for museum people, and especially exhibit designers, attending a Punchdrunk performance will force you to reexamine your notions of what is possible inside exhibitions and museums --- how much freedom people can have to explore ideas and spaces simultaneously.  If you are near NYC and you hurry you still might be able to get tickets!

I would be remiss if I didn't insert a sincere tip of the hat here also to Seb Chan and his blog post,  "An exhibition is a mixtape"  which seems to cross over into a (perhaps?) related notion for a radical shift in the making of museum exhibitions (and he also name-checks "Sleep No More" in his blog for good measure!)

So here the blog post comes to an end.  Is there something to the notion of creating "fusion" experiences in museums that woke me up in the middle of the night or was it all a bit of a fever dream?



Creating your own experiments in museum fusion?  Tell us more in the comments section below, or send me an email directly.  I'd love to hear more about these sorts of ideas. 

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The Exhibit Doctor's Next Case: Wrangling iPads

After several queries recently about how best to deploy iPads in exhibitions, I thought I'd set up another case for The Exhibit Doctor.  (You can see some previous Exhibit Doctor postings --- one on temporary walls and mounting solutions and another on exhibit label "flipbook" solutions by clicking on the links.)

The way these Exhibit Doctor posts have been working is that I gather some background information about the topic, and then solicit input (especially practical "visitor tested" examples) from ExhibiTricks readers and then do a follow-up post containing the collected images, examples, links, and wisdom into one convenient package.

First off, there are a variety of commercial "frames" that lock and/or contain iPads (such as these) but most of them have limitations --- slots that visitors cram stuff into, or designs that still leave ports or the "home" button exposed in some way.  That doesn't mean that there aren't "off the shelf" solutions out there (somewhere!) that people have used or liked.  Let us know your favorite iPad protection device in the "Comments" section below, or by emailing me directly.

Secondly, there are "home-brewed" possibilities for locking down iPads that could be created that both prevent theft and mischief to the apps and iOS.  Have some tricks that worked well for you?  Let us know about those as well.

Lastly, perhaps the best way to utilize tablet/touch technology in exhibitions is not to lock down the devices at all, but instead to use them in staff-moderated ways.  I'd love to hear about success stories for facilitated ways to use iPads that go beyond merely helping people use vaguely-related apps next to a physical exhibit component.

So that's the plan --- send your practical examples of how to use iPads in exhibitions my way via the "Comments" section or email, and stay tuned for the follow-up post that collects all the ideas in one place!


Speaking of which --- don't miss out on any future ExhibiTricks posts! It's easy to get updates via email or your favorite news reader. Just click the "Sign up for Free ExhibiTricks Blog Updates" link on the upper right side of the blog.

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